Agave-based spirits are a cornerstone of Mexican culture, with mezcal and tequila standing out as the most iconic. While some people assume they are interchangeable, mezcal and tequila have distinct characteristics, from the agave used to the production process and final taste. Let’s explore these differences to help you appreciate these beloved spirits better.
Read more: Mezcal Classification: Agave, Aging, or Elaboration Process
What is Mezcal?
Mezcal is a broader category of agave-based spirits, with origins dating back to pre-Hispanic times. Unlike tequila, which uses only one type of agave, mezcal can be made from over +30 different species, such as Espadín, Tobalá, and Cuishe. The main regions producing mezcal under the Denomination of Origin include:
- Oaxaca (the heartland of mezcal production)
- Guerrero
- Durango
- San Luis Potosí
- Puebla
- Zacatecas
- Tamaulipas
- Michoacán
- Guanajuato
What is Tequila?
Tequila is a distilled alcoholic beverage made exclusively from Blue Weber Agave (Agave Tequilana). Its origins trace back to colonial Mexico, with production now regulated under a Denomination of Origin (DO). This means that tequila can only be produced in designated regions, including:
- Jalisco (where the town of Tequila is located)
Key Differences Between Tequila and Mezcal
Agave Type
- Tequila: Made exclusively from Blue Weber Agave
- Mezcal: Made from various agave species, creating a diverse range of flavors
Production Process
Cooking
- Tequila: Agave hearts (piñas) are steamed in large autoclaves or stone ovens.
- Mezcal: Cooked in underground pits lined with volcanic rock, giving it a signature smoky flavor.
Fermentation
- Tequila: Fermented in stainless steel tanks with controlled yeast.
- Mezcal: Fermented in open wooden vats, often using natural airborne yeasts.
Distillation
- Tequila: Typically distilled twice in copper pot stills or industrial columns.
- Mezcal: Often distilled in small copper or clay stills, maintaining its rustic characteristics.
Flavor Profile
- Tequila: Smooth, sweet, with herbal and citrus notes.
- Mezcal: Smoky, earthy, with more complexity due to the diverse agave varieties used.
Consumption and Uses
- Tequila: Often enjoyed in cocktails like Margaritas and Palomas.
- Mezcal: Traditionally sipped neat, sometimes paired with orange slices and worm salt.
Similarities Between Tequila and Mezcal
- Both are made from agave.
- Both have a Denomination of Origin (DO).
- Both are deeply rooted in Mexican tradition and culture.
Mezcal and Tequila, closely related
Tequila and mezcal, though closely related, are distinct in their origins, production, and flavor. Whether you prefer the crisp, smooth taste of tequila or the deep, smoky complexity of mezcal, both deserve a place in your glass. Why not explore both and discover your favorite?
Read more: Drinking Mezcal: Why Shouldn’t You Cool Mezcal?